Birds of Bhigwan – 39 Species Photographed at Ujani Backwaters & Shirshul Grasslands

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Birds of Bhigwan – A Visual Field Guide | TravelOnTales
TravelOnTales · Bhigwan · Shirshul · Ujani Backwaters

Birds ofBhigwan

39 species photographed across the wetlands, grasslands and rocky scrub of Maharashtra’s finest birding destination

📷  39 Species · Bhigwan, Shirshul & Ujani
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All SpeciesRaptorsWadersGrasslandPasserinesNight BirdsMammals
Painted Stork at Bhigwan
Wader / Wetland
01

Painted Stork

Mycteria leucocephala

One of Bhigwan’s most iconic residents, the Painted Stork commands attention with its vivid pink tertial feathers and bold orange-yellow bill. It wades methodically through shallow water, sweeping its partially open bill to snap up fish in a fraction of a second.

🎨 Its name comes from the striking pink wing-tips — like paint strokes from nature’s own brush.
Osprey at Bhigwan
Raptor / Migratory
02

Osprey

Pandion haliaetus

The fish hawk of Bhigwan, the Osprey is a specialist aerial hunter that plunges feet-first into water from heights of 10–30 metres. Its reversible outer toe and spiny footpads give it a near-perfect grip on slippery prey.

🌏 Some Ospreys migrate over 10,000 km — your sighting at Bhigwan could be a bird that spent summer in Central Asia.
Rock Eagle-Owl at Bhigwan
Raptor / Nocturnal
03

Rock Eagle-Owl

Bubo bengalensis

India’s largest owl, the Rock Eagle-Owl is a formidable nocturnal predator of the rocky grasslands around Bhigwan. With its deep amber eyes and prominent ear tufts, it surveys its territory from boulders and cliff ledges at dusk.

🦉 Its resonant double hoot echoes across the scrubland at nightfall and can carry over a kilometre.
Western Marsh Harrier Female at Bhigwan
Raptor / Winter Visitor
04

Western Marsh Harrier (Female)

Circus aeruginosus ♀

The female Western Marsh Harrier is a striking dark chocolate-brown raptor with a distinctive creamy-buff crown and throat patch — a warm contrast against her deep brown body. A powerful, heavy-set harrier, she quarters low over reed beds and open ground at Bhigwan, quartering methodically for frogs, rodents and waterbirds.

🔍 The creamy crown and throat are the instant field mark — in flight, the all-dark underwing with no barring confirms female Marsh Harrier vs. the streakier Montagu’s female.
Grey Headed Harrier at Bhigwan
Raptor / Wetland
05

Grey Headed Harrier

Circus aeruginosus

The Grey-headed Harrier is a pale, silver-grey raptor that perches upright on low rocks and mounds across Bhigwan’s open grassland. Its cold grey plumage, fierce yellow eyes and compact build distinguish it from the similar Montagu’s — look for the fuller, rounder head profile.

👁️ The key field mark separating it from Montagu’s Male is the rounder, owlish head and stockier build — at Bhigwan both species often share the same rocky perches!
Harrier in Flight at Bhigwan
Raptor / Winter Visitor
06

Montagu’s Harrier (Male)

Circus pygargus ♂

The pale silver-grey male Montagu’s Harrier is one of Bhigwan’s most elegant winter visitors. This superb perched shot shows the classic fieldmarks clearly — clean grey upperparts, contrasting black wingtip patch and the slim, long-tailed silhouette that sets Montagu’s apart from the heavier Marsh Harrier.

⚡ Named after British naturalist George Montagu who first distinguished it from the Hen Harrier in 1802 — Bhigwan’s grasslands are one of its key Indian wintering grounds.
Changeable Hawk-Eagle at Bhigwan
Raptor / Resident
07

Changeable Hawk-Eagle

Nisaetus cirrhatus

Bold and powerful, the Changeable Hawk-Eagle is an ambush predator of forest edges near Bhigwan. Its crest, fierce yellow eyes and heavily streaked underparts make it one of the most photogenic raptors of peninsular India.

🦅 Despite its size, it can take prey as large as a hare, snatching it from the ground in a lightning dive.
Short-toed Snake Eagle at Bhigwan
Raptor / Specialist
08

Short-toed Snake Eagle

Circaetus gallicus

A large, round-headed eagle that specialises in hunting snakes. It hovers at height scanning the scrubby grassland below, then drops onto cobras and rat snakes with scaled legs that resist bites.

🐍 It can swallow a snake over a metre long head-first, storing part of it in its crop for later digestion.
Brahminy Kite at Bhigwan
Raptor / Wetland
09

Brahminy Kite

Haliastur indus

The sacred kite of Hindu tradition glides effortlessly over Bhigwan’s backwaters with its striking white head and chestnut body. A consummate scavenger, it snatches fish, frogs and offal from the water’s surface.

🕊️ In Malay and Indonesian mythology it is considered the incarnation of Vishnu — a deity wearing feathers.
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Northern Shoveler at Bhigwan
Duck / Winter Visitor
10

Northern Shoveler

Spatula clypeata

The male Northern Shoveler is a jewel of iridescent green, chestnut and white. Its massive spatula bill filters plankton and invertebrates as it spins in tight circles to concentrate food on the surface.

🌀 Shovelers often feed in spinning groups of 5–20 birds — a cooperative vortex that stirs up food from the bottom.
Ruddy Shelduck at Bhigwan
Duck / Winter Visitor
11

Ruddy Shelduck

Tadorna ferruginea

Brilliantly orange and unmistakable, the Ruddy Shelduck — locally called Chakwa — arrives from Central Asia to winter on Bhigwan’s warm waters. Monogamous and territorial, pairs call loudly to defend their feeding zone.

🙏 In Buddhist tradition it symbolises devoted partnership — couples are rarely seen apart all winter long.
Asian Openbill Stork at Bhigwan
Wader / Resident
12

Asian Openbill Stork

Anastomus oscitans

The Openbill’s bizarre gapped bill is a precision tool evolved to extract apple snails from their shells — a dietary specialisation no other bird has mastered. Flocks wade methodically in the shallows of Ujani backwater.

🐌 Young openbills have normal closed bills — the distinctive gap only develops as they mature and begin eating snails.
Grey Heron at Bhigwan
Wader / Resident
13

Grey Heron

Ardea cinerea

Statuesque and patient, the Grey Heron stands motionless for minutes before its lightning-fast strike. One of the largest herons in India, it commands the best fishing spots at Bhigwan with quiet authority.

⏱️ A Grey Heron’s strike takes just 0.07 seconds — faster than a human eye can follow.
Little Egret at Bhigwan
Wader / Resident
14

Little Egret

Egretta garzetta

Dazzling white and hyperactive, the Little Egret runs through the shallows stirring up fish with its bright yellow feet. Its breeding plumes were once so coveted they nearly drove the species to extinction.

🌍 Campaigns to protect Little Egrets from plume hunters in the 1890s helped launch the global conservation movement.
Black-winged Stilt at Bhigwan
Wader / Resident
15

Black-winged Stilt

Himantopus himantopus

Walking on impossibly long shocking-pink legs, the Black-winged Stilt is one of the most photogenic waders at Bhigwan. It strides boldly through shallow water picking off aquatic insects with its thin straight bill.

🦵 Its legs are proportionally the second longest of any bird relative to body size — after the flamingo.
Marsh Sandpiper at Bhigwan
Wader / Winter Visitor
16

Marsh Sandpiper

Tringa stagnatilis

Elegant and long-legged, the Marsh Sandpiper probes the mudflats with its fine needle bill. Often mistaken for a miniature Greenshank, it bobs actively as it feeds in the company of other waders.

📍 This delicate wader nests in Siberian wetlands — a 5,000-km journey brings it to Bhigwan every winter.
Red-necked Phalarope at Bhigwan
Wader / Rare Visitor
17

Red-necked Phalarope

Phalaropus lobatus

A rare and exciting find at Bhigwan, the Red-necked Phalarope has an unusual breeding system where females are the brighter sex and leave all incubation duties to males. It spins on water to stir up food.

🔄 Its rapid spinning creates a mini-vortex bringing invertebrates to the surface — nature’s own centrifuge.
River Tern at Bhigwan
Wetland / Resident
18

River Tern

Sterna aurantia

A graceful diver of the backwaters, the River Tern hovers before plunging beak-first to catch fish. Its yellow-orange bill and black cap make it a striking subject against the reflective surface of Ujani backwater.

🌊 Unlike sea terns, the River Tern is entirely freshwater — it has never been recorded on the coast in India.
Black-headed Gull at Bhigwan
Gull / Winter Visitor
19

Black-headed Gull

Chroicocephalus ridibundus

Noisy and gregarious, flocks of Black-headed Gulls wheel over Bhigwan’s backwaters competing for fish. In winter the head is white with just a dark ear spot — the full black hood only appears in breeding season.

🗺️ The black head is a summer breeding feature — birds wintering here have white heads with just a small ear patch.
Bluethroat at Bhigwan
Passerine / Winter Visitor
20

Bluethroat

Luscinia svecica

One of the most jewel-like winter visitors, the male Bluethroat wears a brilliant cobalt-blue bib framed with bands of black, white and chestnut. It skulks in dense vegetation, offering only fleeting glimpses.

💎 The blue bib is iridescent — it literally changes colour with the angle of light, like a living sapphire.
Pied Bush Chat at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
21

Pied Bush Chat

Saxicola caprata

A bold little chat of open country, the jet-black male Pied Bush Chat perches conspicuously on wire fences and bush tops around Shirshul, flicking its tail and singing persistently.

🎶 Its song is remarkably varied — researchers have recorded over 40 distinct phrases in a single male’s repertoire.
Pied Bush Chat (Perch) at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
22

Pied Bush Chat (Perch)

Saxicola caprata

Perched against the open grassland sky, this portrait captures the crisp contrast of the male’s plumage at its best. The white wing patch and undertail coverts blaze against the sooty black body.

🌅 Pied Bush Chats are among the first birds to sing at dawn — a reliable Shirshul alarm clock.
 Magpie-Robin at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
23

Magpie-Robin

Copsychus saularis

India’s premier songbird delivers one of the most melodious and complex songs of any Indian bird. Its bold black-and-white plumage and cocked tail make it instantly recognisable in the scrub woodland around Bhigwan.

🎵 It is the national bird of Bangladesh — and its dawn song is often the very first sound heard at Bhigwan camp.
Purple Sunbird (Male) at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
24

Purple Sunbird (Male)

Cinnyris asiaticus

In good light the male Purple Sunbird flashes spectacular iridescent purple-black. This tiny nectar-feeder hovers hummingbird-style at flowers, its curved bill perfectly adapted to tubular blooms.

🌺 Despite being called purple it is technically a very dark iridescent blue-green — colour perception meets poetry.
Green Bee-eater at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
25

Green Bee-eater

Merops

Arguably the most photographed small bird at Bhigwan, the Green Bee-eater poses obligingly on bare perches above the grassland. Its emerald plumage, chestnut cap and elongated tail feathers form a near-perfect miniature portrait.

It rubs bees against a perch to remove the sting before swallowing — a learned technique passed between generations.
Green Bee-eater on Tree at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
26

Green Bee-eater on Tree

Merops

When a Green Bee-eater selects a tree-top perch, it creates one of the classic bird-photography compositions of Bhigwan — a jewel-green bird against an open sky. Groups of 5–10 often share a single prominent branch.

🌳 Communal roost branches are used year after year — regulars at Bhigwan know exactly which trees to stake out.
Plum-headed Parakeet at Bhigwan
Parrot / Resident
27

Plum-headed Parakeet

Psittacula cyanocephala

The male’s head glows deep plum-red to purple depending on the light — a colour unlike any other Indian parrot. Fast-flying flocks move between fruiting trees with high-pitched calls, occasionally descending to the grassland edge.

🍁 The head colour shifts from plum to wine-red with age — older males have the deepest, richest hue.
Brahminy Starling at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
28

Brahminy Starling

Sturnia pagodarum

With its black cap, orange-buff underparts and pale grey back, the Brahminy Starling brings warm colour to the thorny scrub. It forages in mixed flocks with mynas and drongos, feeding on berries and insects.

🌾 Sacred to Brahmin tradition, it was named for its association with temple trees and pagodas across India.
Black Drongo at Bhigwan
Passerine / Resident
29

Black Drongo

Dicrurus macrocercus

The fearless sentry of the grassland, the Black Drongo will dive-bomb eagles, crows and even humans who stray near its nest. Its deeply forked tail, glossy black plumage and aggressive personality make it unmistakable.

🦅 Smaller birds nest near Black Drongos for protection — they are the security guards of the bird world.
Laughing Dove at Bhigwan
Dove / Resident
30

Laughing Dove

Spilopelia senegalensis

The gentle lilting call of the Laughing Dove is one of the most familiar sounds of the Bhigwan scrubland. Its rosy-pink underparts and neat necklace of black spots distinguish it from other doves.

😄 Its call sounds uncannily like a soft human chuckle — once you hear it, you cannot unhear it.
Crested Lark at Bhigwan
Grassland / Resident
31

Crested Lark

Galerida cristata

The Crested Lark’s pointed crest gives it a permanently startled expression. A ground-dweller of the open plains, it runs rather than hops and delivers its song from the top of a low shrub or earthen mound.

🌅 Its territorial song is often the first bird sound heard as the sun breaks over Shirshul’s flat plains.
Rufous-tailed Lark at Bhigwan
Grassland / Resident
32

Rufous-tailed Lark

Ammomanes phoenicura

A speciality of the rocky Deccan plateau, the Rufous-tailed Lark’s warm rufous rump and tail flash briefly as it takes flight from stony ground. It blends so perfectly with its habitat that most visitors walk right past it.

🪨 It is endemic to peninsular India — Bhigwan’s rocky grasslands are among its core strongholds worldwide.
Desert Wheatear at Bhigwan
Passerine / Winter Visitor
33

Desert Wheatear

Oenanthe deserti

A winter visitor from Central Asia, the male Desert Wheatear is identified by its sandy-buff body, black wings and distinctive tail pattern. It inhabits the most barren, rocky patches of the Shirshul landscape.

🏜️ Despite its name, this bird visits India’s Deccan scrub every winter — the desert it prefers is a state of mind.
Plain Martin at Bhigwan
Hirundine / Resident
34

Plain Martin

Riparia paludicola

The smallest swallow-family member in India, the Plain Martin nests colonially in sandy banks around Bhigwan’s shoreline. Despite its modest brown plumage, it is a consummate aerialist flying nearly non-stop from dawn to dusk.

🕳️ Nest burrows can be 30–50 cm deep — the whole colony excavates a new set of tunnels each breeding season.
Spotted Owlet at Bhigwan
Owl / Resident
35

Spotted Owlet

Athene brama

The most commonly encountered owl at Bhigwan, the Spotted Owlet roosts in hollow trees and old buildings, often in pairs. Its round pale-spotted head and fierce yellow eyes make it irresistible in torchlight.

👀 When disturbed, it bobs its head rhythmically — not a dance, but a way to judge distance with limited binocular vision.
Indian Nightjar at Bhigwan
Nocturnal / Resident
36

Indian Nightjar

Caprimulgus asiaticus

Perfectly camouflaged against leaf litter and soil, the Indian Nightjar is completely invisible by day. After dark it hunts moths and beetles on silent wings, its enormous mouth scooping insects from the air.

🌙 Its eyes have a tapetum that makes them glow red or orange in torchlight — the classic nightjar eye-shine.

Wild Mammals of Bhigwan

Beyond the birds — the grasslands harbour remarkable wildlife

Indian Fox at Bhigwan
Mammal / Resident
37

Indian Fox

Vulpes bengalensis

The most frequently seen mammal of the Shirshul grassland, the Indian Fox is slender and fleet-footed with a distinctive bushy black-tipped tail. Breeding pairs are monogamous and dig complex burrow systems in open plains.

🦊 Unlike the Red Fox it cannot survive in forest — it is a strict open-country specialist, and grassland loss is its biggest threat.
Indian Gazelle (Chinkara) at Bhigwan
Mammal / Resident
38

Indian Gazelle (Chinkara)

Gazella bennettii

India’s most graceful antelope, the Chinkara bounds through the grassland at surprising speed. Its sandy-rufous coat, white underparts and the male’s elegant ringed horns make it a prize sighting at Shirshul.

💨 The name Chinkara means one who sneezes in Hindi — a reference to the alarm snort it makes when startled.
Painted Sandgrouse at Bhigwan
Grassland / Resident
39

Painted Sandgrouse

Pterocles indicus

A beautifully camouflaged grassland bird of the Shirshul plains, the Painted Sandgrouse is seen in pairs feeding on seeds in the early morning. Its barred and scaled plumage makes it nearly invisible against dry scrub.

Male sandgrouse carry water to chicks in specialised belly feathers — flying up to 80 km to a waterhole and back.

Ready to See These Birds?

Bhigwan’s peak season runs October to March. Book a guided birding safari from Pune and photograph these species with an expert naturalist.

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Wildlife & Bird Photography from Indian Forests & Wetlands

Bhigwan Guide · travelontales.com

All photographs © TravelOnTales · Nikon Z50 · Bhigwan, Shirshul & Ujani Backwaters, Maharashtra
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